Casino maths
RTP vs House Edge: A Simple Explanation
RTP describes theoretical long-run return to players. House edge describes the theoretical long-run share retained by the game model. In a simple fixed game, the two percentages add to 100%.
The conversion
House edge equals 100% minus RTP. A 97.3% European roulette RTP corresponds to a 2.7% house edge. The calculator below the maths hub can convert either direction.
Expected loss is not a guarantee
A 4% house edge implies an average theoretical cost of four chips per 100 chips wagered across a very large sample. Actual short-session results vary.
Rules can change the number
Blackjack RTP depends on rules and decisions; variable-risk games can use different payout tables. Always use the published figure for the exact game and mode.
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